While many code examples here elaborate on automating CATIA V5 with pywin32, Paul Bourne has created the pycatia module to simplify the usage of CATIA in Python. I like that approach very much because it enables people to use CATIA and Python even in a professional environment.
With pywin32 or comtypes I remember some very tricky situations with the data types in CATIA. This module tries to solve these issues by utilizing VBA under the hood. An interesting approach!
Paul still classifies the module as alpha. But the likes on Github show the right direction. Good luck Paul.